Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Primary Health Care , Health Centers , Health Services Accessibility , User EmbracementABSTRACT
Ethanol extracts from six selected species from the Cerrado of the Central-Western region of Brazil, which are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of infectious diseases and other medical conditions, namely Erythroxylum suberosum St. Hil. (Erythroxylaceae), Hyptis crenata Pohl. ex Benth. (Lamiaceae), Roupala brasiliensis Klotz. (Proteaceae), Simarouba versicolor St. Hil. (Simaroubaceae), Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. (Sterculiaceae) and Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) March. (Burseraceae), as well as fractions resulting from partition of these crude extracts, were screened in vitro for their antifungal and antibacterial properties. The antimicrobial activities were assessed by the broth microdilution assay against six control fungal strains, Candida albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis and Cryptococcus neoformans, and five control Gram-positive and negative bacterial strains, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Toxicity of the extracts and fractions against Artemia salina was also evaluated in this work. All plants investigated showed antimicrobial properties against at least one microorganism and two species were also significantly toxic to brine shrimp larvae. The results tend to support the traditional use of these plants for the treatment of respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders and/or skin diseases, opening the possibility of finding new antimicrobial agents from these natural sources.Among the species investigated, Hyptis crenata, Erythroxylum suberosum and Roupala brasiliensis were considered the most promising candidates for developing of future bioactivity-guided phytochemical investigations.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/analysis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/toxicity , Antifungal Agents/analysis , Antifungal Agents/toxicity , Dilution/methods , Ethanol/analysis , Plant Extracts/toxicity , In Vitro Techniques , Plants, Medicinal/toxicity , Grassland , MethodsABSTRACT
Ethanol extracts from six selected species from the Cerrado of the Central-Western region of Brazil, which are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of infectious diseases and other medical conditions, namely Erythroxylum suberosum St. Hil. (Erythroxylaceae), Hyptis crenata Pohl. ex Benth. (Lamiaceae), Roupala brasiliensis Klotz. (Proteaceae), Simarouba versicolor St. Hil. (Simaroubaceae), Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. (Sterculiaceae) and Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) March. (Burseraceae), as well as fractions resulting from partition of these crude extracts, were screened in vitro for their antifungal and antibacterial properties. The antimicrobial activities were assessed by the broth microdilution assay against six control fungal strains, Candida albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis and Cryptococcus neoformans, and five control Gram-positive and negative bacterial strains, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Toxicity of the extracts and fractions against Artemia salina was also evaluated in this work. All plants investigated showed antimicrobial properties against at least one microorganism and two species were also significantly toxic to brine shrimp larvae. The results tend to support the traditional use of these plants for the treatment of respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders and/or skin diseases, opening the possibility of finding new antimicrobial agents from these natural sources. Among the species investigated, Hyptis crenata, Erythroxylum suberosum and Roupala brasiliensis were considered the most promising candidates for developing of future bioactivity-guided phytochemical investigations.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The emergence of multiple resistance to antimicrobials in Vibrio cholerae isolated in the state of Ceará, Brazil, alerted researchers in this area to the sensitivity to antimicrobials of strains isolated in Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil. METHODS: One hundred and four strains of V. cholerae of human origin, isolated by Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Dr. Almino Fernandes, were serologically typified and evaluated for in vitro sensitivity to eight antibiotics belonging to different groups (polymyxine, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin, sulphazotrin, pefloxacine, erythromycine, ampicillin). The strains were collected from patients suspected of contracting choleric diarrhea in the year 1999, in Natal/RN/Brazil. RESULTS: From the sample total, 100 were identified as V. cholerae, serogroup O:1, biotype El Tor, with 99 (95.3%) belonging to serovar Ogawa and only 1 (0.9%) to serovar Inaba. The 4 remaining were characterized as non O:1 V. cholerae, with 3 (2.9%) biochemically identified as Heiberg type I and 1 (0.9%) as type II. All the V. cholerae serogroup O:1 strains were sensitive to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, sulphazotrin, pefloxacine, erythromycine and resistant to polymyxine. In relation to nitrofurantoin, only 1 was sensitive. Only 1 was resistant to ampicillin. The non O:1 V. cholerae strains were resistant to polymyxine. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed sensitivity in 100% of the V. cholerae serogroup O:1 strains to tetracycline, an elective drug in the treatment of cholera, and an absence of multiple resistant strains in our environment. An interesting finding was the frequency of serovar Ogawa in 1999, considering the greater incidence of serovar Inaba in other years of cholera outbreaks in RN.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Cholera/microbiology , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/drug effects , Polymyxins/therapeutic use , Vibrio cholerae O1/drug effects , Vibrio cholerae non-O1/drug effects , Ampicillin Resistance/drug effects , Brazil/epidemiology , Cholera/epidemiology , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Serotyping , Vibrio cholerae O1/classification , Vibrio cholerae O1/isolation & purification , Vibrio cholerae non-O1/classification , Vibrio cholerae non-O1/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica é uma doença crônica de grande importância para a saúde pública, na qual a Pressão Arterial aumenta até o ponto em que passa a desencadear diversos problemas de saúde e comprometimento de órgãos importantes para o ser humano. Essa elevação dos níveis pressóricos é responsável por elevar a taxa de morbi-mortalidade, sendo vista hoje, como um problema de saúde pública. Sabendo da magnitude deste problema, a ESF Nelson Ventura de Oliveira do Bairro Alto da Vitória, situada no município de Poções/BA, resolveu investir tempo no desenvolvimento de ações de prevenção e promoção à saúde para aumentar a qualidade do atendimento aos hipertensos da área adscrita com o objetivo de melhorar a atenção às pessoas portadoras de HAS da área de abrangência da Unidade de Saúde. O projeto de intervenção contou com a participação dos profissionais da ESF Nelson Ventura de Oliveira (médica, enfermeira, odontóloga, técnicos de enfermagem e agentes comunitários de saúde) em parceria com os profissionais da equipe NASF (nutricionista, fisioterapeuta, psicólogo, assistente social e profissional de educação física) para realizar momentos de prevenção e promoção à saúde com atividades educativas e de práticas de atividades físicas. Com a realização desta intervenção foi possível constatar que houve interesse da comunidade assistida por aderir às orientações de mudança de hábitos alimentares e comportamentais, o que motivou os profissionais envolvidos a promover mais ações coletivas nesse programa e também em outros grupos populacionais com planejamento.
